My brother gave me a friend's 5G iPod that refused to turn on. After charging, futzing and resets I eventually discovered it was completely discharged due to the fact that it's stuck on charging mode even when there's no power source. This is apparently an uncommon but not unheard of problem, and according to the guys at iPod Lounge it's caused by a logic board issue. I figured out a partial solution to prevent discharge: diagnostic mode's sleep forever:
1) Reset iPod (hold select and menu buttons until Apple menu is shown)
2) Diagnostic mode (hold select and previous buttons until beep and diagnostic mode is shown)
3) scroll down to and select power
4) scroll down and select sleep
5) select sleep forever
I suppose sleep forever is equivalent to a full hardware shut down, and it's the only way to prevent an iPod in this kind of condition from turning back on by itself and displaying the charging screen.