Higher resolution of the Cinema Display = more space. To determine if things will be bigger or smaller, you have to do some math to find the number of pixels per inch.
On your current screen, 1280x1024=1310720 pixels total. Divide that by the physical screen area (length x height) to find pixels per square inch. Do the same for the Cinema Display.
More pixels per inch = smaller pixels = things looking smaller.
A similar situation can be seen with the 12" and 14" iBooks. Both are 1024x768, but the 12" model has to pack all those pixels into a smaller space. So, they're the same resolution, but things appear smaller (and therefore sharper) on the 12" screen.
I would say, as a guess, that the extra size of the Cinema Display would give you more space, with things looking about the same size (don't quote me on that, though).