1. Test your USB port with something else.
2. Go to Applications > Utitlities > Disk Utility, does it show up on the left?
3. Try restarting while it's still plugged in. (the hard drive that is)
4. Reset PRAM. (hold down CMD, OPTION, "P", and "R" right after startup chime... wait to hear a total of three chimes and let go)