You should open every window you want to use, resize it, arrange it, etc. and close it. One by one. This way Finder will retain your desired settings for all windows.
Take a look at this example: I love column view. After installing OS X, you double-slick the HD icon (I keep some old fashioned habits) and you are presented a window in icon view. If now I change the window settings (without going any further) to column view, resize the column's width and window size and immediately close it, the next time I double click the HD icon the window thus produced will have the settings I left.
The same way, if you do Cmd+Shift+A in the Finder and go to the Applications Folder, It may be presented with icon view. If you change the view and close the window, next time you invoke the shortcut command it will respect the changed view and-or size. But, if you chanve the view, go to the (let's say) Adobe Illustrator folder and then close the window, your settings will not be preserved (maybe they are preserved for the last window you were into, but I don't know, since column view prevents that hassle).
I only switch to other views when I need it and I return to column view before leaving the folder I changed.
If, on the contrary, you rearrage the window and navigate through the file hierarchy from there, you will likely loose those settings.
So, if you want to keep every window the same, you must perform the "open-rearrange-close" steps with every window possible, which is highly impractical and I would say dumb.
To overcome in the best possible way this issue I would use column view and single window navigation, I would select in Finder Preferences the option to open new windows in column view and use a single starting navigation point.
I doubt it helps, but maybe it does.