In most cases the data throughput is limited by first the network card, second the hard drive access speed, and third by the data bus speed. Fourth, and very important (!!) is the speed of these factors in the computer on the other end of the transfer. Very few computers are really up to the level of making full use of gigabit ethernet.
Figure at least 25% (very optimistic) overhead for any ethernet connection. If you're not using the very best copper cables, figure another 5-7% overhead for error correction. A computer with the steroid-enhancement to actually use a gigabit connection should be able to push 500-650Mbps (note that's "megabits," not megabytes), assuming the distant end was similarly steroid-enhanced.