Problem cops get reputations, particularly with judges. They don't get more than a couple chances to screw up. And in most cases a request for a warrant has to go through a higher level than just "the cop" in question, often as high as a deputy chief. As I said, this is less of a problem than in the past, and it's getting better.
The real problem with "bad warrants" is bad intel. If a department doesn't vet intel, they wind up asking for a warrant to barge in to the next door neighbor (oops, typo in the request!) or do the dirty work of someone with an axe to grind (barge in on the ex because of a report from an "anonymous" spiteful ex, barge in on Druggy Bob's competitor Druggy Greg because Bob dropped the proverbial dime, etc.). This too is getting better, but not nearly fast enough, nor with enough public scrutiny.